IAS Law Syllabus 2024: Paper I and II Syllabus, Exam Pattern

Constitution and Constitutionalism: The distinctive features of the Constitution, Fundamental rights – Public interest litigation; Legal Aid; Legal services authority, Relationship between fundamental rights, directive principles and fundamental duties, The constitutional position of the President and relation with the Council of Ministers, Governor and his powers, Supreme Court and High Courts: Appointments and transfer, Powers, functions and jurisdiction. Centre, States and local bodies: Distribution of legislative powers between the Union and the States, Local bodies, The administrative relationship among Union, State and Local Bodies, Eminent domain – State property – common property – community property. Legislative powers, privileges and immunities. Services under the Union and the States: Recruitment and conditions of services; Constitutional safeguards; Administrative tribunals, Union Public Service Commission and State Public Service Commissions – Power and functions, Election Commission – Power and functions, Emergency provisions, Amendment of the Constitution, Principles of natural justice – Emerging trends and judicial approach, Delegated legislation and its constitutionality, Separation of powers and constitutional governance, Judicial review of administrative action, Ombudsman: Lokayukta, Lokpal etc. 

Nature and definition of international law, Relationship between international law and municipal law, State recognition and state succession, Law of the sea: Inland waters, territorial sea, contiguous zone, continental shelf, exclusive economic zone, high seas, Individuals: Nationality, statelessness; Human rights and procedures available for their enforcement, The territorial jurisdiction of States, extradition and asylum. Treaties: Formation, application, termination and reservation. United Nations: Its principal organs, powers, functions and reform. Peaceful settlement of disputes – different modes. Lawful recourse to force: aggression, self-defence, intervention. Fundamental principles of international humanitarian law – International conventions and contemporary developments. The legality of the use of nuclear weapons; ban on the testing of nuclear weapons; Nuclear – non-proliferation treaty, CTBT. International terrorism, state-sponsored terrorism, hijacking, international criminal court. New international economic order and monetary law: WTO, TRIPS, GATT, IMF, World Bank. Protection and improvement of the human environment: International efforts.

General principles of criminal liability: Men’s rea and actus reus, men’s rea in statutory offences. Kinds of punishment and emerging trends as to abolition of capital punishment. Preparation and criminal attempt. General exceptions. Joint and constructive liability. Abetment. Criminal conspiracy. Offences against the State. Offences against public tranquillity. Offences against the human body. Offences against the property. Offences against women. Defamation. Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. Protection of Civil Rights Act 1955 and subsequent legislative developments. Plea bargaining. 

Nature and definition, Liability based upon fault and strict liability; Absolute liability, Vicarious liability including State liability, General defences, Joint tortfeasors, Remedies, Negligence, Defamation, Nuisance, Conspiracy, False imprisonment, Malicious prosecution, Consumer Protection Act, 1986.

Nature and formation of contract/E-Contract, Factors vitiating free consent, Void, voidable, illegal and unenforceable agreements, Performance and discharge of contracts, Quasi- Contracts, Consequences of breach of contract, Contract of indemnity, guarantee and insurance, Contract of the agency, Sale of goods and hire purchase, Formation and dissolution of the partnership, Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, Standard form contracts.

Public Interest Litigation, Intellectual property rights – Concept, types/prospects, Information Technology Law including Cyber Laws – Concept, purpose/prospects, Competition Law- Concept, purpose/ prospects, Alternate Dispute Resolution – Concept, types/prospects, Major statutes concerning environmental law, Right to Information Act, Trial by media.