LLB Specializations: Courses In Demand, Fees, Subjects, Scope in India
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The LLB specialization in India allows students to focus on specific fields or branches of law within the Bachelor of Law program. Some of the top sought-after specializations in LLB courses across Indian law institutions are Criminal Law, Corporate Law, Constitutional Law, Intellectual Property Law, etc. The availability of specializations may differ based on the offerings of the institutes.
There are more than 1,800 universities in India that offer LLB courses with various specializations. Students aspiring to pursue LLB courses must have a bachelor's degree with a minimum of 45% marks and appear for entrance exams such as CLAT, LSAT, SLAT, etc., as per the college requirement. The average LLB course fee in India ranges from INR 1,200-3,50,000 per year.
Table of Content
- Top LLB Specialisations in India
- Admission Process for LLB Specializations
- Top Colleges Offering LLB Specializations
- Jobs and Salary Based on Top LLB Specializations
Top LLB Specializations in India
Some of the most in demand specializations in LLB include Crime and Criminology, Business Law, International Trade Law, etc. For a university with LLB specialization students must take not less than six papers from any one of the groups of specialization offered. The LLB specialization list offered by top law institutions in India is provided in sections below:
1. Constitutional Law
LLB specialization in Constitutional Law delves into the foundational principles and structures of a country's legal system, examining the interpretation and application of its constitution. Some of the subjects covered in Constitutional Law include Indian Federalism, Local Self Government including Panchayat Administration, Government Accounts & Audit, etc.
- The study of Constitutional Law entails analyzing key legal documents, landmark court cases, and the evolving interpretations of constitutional provisions.
- Top institutions such as National Law School of India University (NLSIU), Delhi University, and Jindal Global Law School offer specialized courses in Constitutional Law.
- Students can work as constitutional lawyers, legal advisor to government, constitutional rights advocate, etc.
2. Intellectual Property Law
Intellectual Property Law safeguards creative and innovative works, including patents, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secrets, ensuring creators' rights are protected. Some of the subjects covered under IPL include Copyright Law, Patent Law, Trademark Law, etc.
- Students studying LLB specialization in Intellectual Property Law delve into case studies, legal frameworks, and international treaties governing intellectual property rights.
- Prestigious institutions like National Academy of Legal Studies and Research (NALSAR), Gujarat National Law University (GNLU), and National Law University, Delhi (NLUD) offer specialized programs in Intellectual Property Law.
- Graduates can work as patent attorney, trademark lawyer, IP consultant, etc.
3. Criminal Law
LLB specialization in Criminal Law focuses on regulating behavior deemed harmful to society, prosecuting individuals accused of committing crimes, and upholding justice through legal processes and penalties. Subjects covered in LLB Criminal Law include Criminal Psychology, Forensic Science, International Criminal Law, Prison Administration, etc.
- Students of Criminal Law explore topics such as criminal procedure, evidence law, and theories of punishment, analyzing case studies and statutes to understand legal principles.
- Renowned institutions such as National Law School of India University (NLSIU), National Academy of Legal Studies and Research (NALSAR), and Delhi University offer specialized programs in Criminal Law.
- LLB graduates with specialization in Criminal Law can pursue careers as criminal defense lawyer, prosecutor, legal aid attorney, etc.
4. Environmental Law
LLB specialization in Environmental Law addresses legal issues concerning the protection and preservation of the environment, regulating human activities to mitigate pollution, conserve natural resources, and promote sustainable practices. Subjects covered under Environmental Law include Climate Change Law, Environmental Regulation, Sustainable Development, etc.
- Studying Environmental Law involves examining international treaties, domestic legislation, and case law to address pressing environmental challenges.
- Leading institutions like Indian Law Institute (ILI), TERI School of Advanced Studies, and Gujarat National Law University (GNLU) offer specialized courses in Environmental Law.
- Graduates can work as environmental lawyer, environmental policy analyst, corporate sustainability manager, etc.
5. Human Rights Law
Human Rights Law advocates for the protection and promotion of fundamental human rights and freedoms, addressing issues such as equality, dignity, liberty, and justice on national and international levels. Some of the important subjects include International Human Rights Law, Women’ s Right, etc.
- Students of Human Rights Law analyze international human rights instruments, humanitarian law, and advocacy strategies to address human rights violations.
- Prominent institutions such as National Law University, Delhi (NLUD), Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS), and Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property Law offer specialized programs in Human Rights Law.
- Top jobs for graduates with LLB specialization include human rights advocate, human rights officer, etc.
6. Taxation Law
Taxation Law governs the imposition and collection of taxes by governmental authorities, ensuring compliance with tax laws and regulations while balancing the interests of taxpayers and the state's revenue needs. Important subjects covered include Income Tax Law, GST, Corporate Taxation, etc.
- Students studying Taxation Law examine tax statutes, case law, and accounting principles to navigate complex tax systems and provide strategic tax advice.
- Renowned institutions such as National Academy of Legal Studies and Research (NALSAR), Faculty of Law, University of Delhi, and Indian Law Institute (ILI) offer specialized courses in Taxation Law.
- LLB specialization in Taxation Law students can pursue jobs such as tax attorney, tax consultant, tax auditor, etc.
7. Labour Law
Labour Law regulates the relationship between employers and employees, establishing rights, duties, and responsibilities in the workplace, including matters related to employment contracts, wages, working conditions, and dispute resolution. Some of the subjects covered include Employment Law, Industrial Relations, Labour Dispute Resolution, etc.
- Students of Labour Law study industrial relations, employment discrimination, and collective bargaining, analyzing case law and labor legislation to understand legal frameworks.
- Prominent institutions such as National Law University, Delhi (NLUD), Gujarat National Law University (GNLU), and Indian Law Institute (ILI) offer specialized courses in Labour Law.
- Students can become employment lawyers, labor relation specialists, and workplace safety officers.
8. Corporate Law
Corporate Law governs the formation, operation, and dissolution of corporations, ensuring compliance with legal requirements and protecting the rights and interests of shareholders, directors, and other stakeholders. Some of the subjects covered under it include Corporate Governance, Merger & Acquisition, Competition Law, etc.
- Studying Corporate Law involves examining corporate governance, mergers and acquisitions, securities regulation, and corporate litigation.
- Top institutions like National Law School of India University (NLSIU), National Academy of Legal Studies and Research (NALSAR), and Indian Institute of Management (IIM) offer specialized programs in Corporate Law.
- Corporate lawyers can work in law firms, corporate legal departments, financial institutions, regulatory agencies, or as legal consultants for businesses.
9. Family Law
Family Law encompasses legal matters related to family relationships and domestic affairs, including marriage, divorce, child custody, adoption, inheritance, and domestic violence protection. Important subjects covered in LLB Family Law specialization include Marriage and Divorce Law, Child Custody, Domestic Violence Law, etc.
- Students studying Family Law explore diverse family structures, succession laws, and alternative dispute resolution mechanisms to address familial conflicts and legal issues.
- Renowned institutions such as Delhi University, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), and National Academy of Legal Studies and Research (NALSAR) offer specialized courses in Family Law.
- Graduates with a LLB specialization in Family Law can become family law attorneys, mediator, child advocate, etc.
10. Media Law
Media Law governs the rights and responsibilities of media organizations and individuals, addressing issues such as freedom of speech, defamation, privacy, intellectual property, and access to information. Some of the subjects covered include Freedom of Speech and Expression, Defamation Law, Privacy Law, etc.
- Studying Media Law involves analyzing case law, statutory regulations, and ethical considerations in media practices, including digital media and emerging technologies.
- Leading institutions like National Academy of Legal Studies and Research (NALSAR), Symbiosis Law School, and Indian Institute of Mass Communication (IIMC) offer specialized programs in Media Law.
- Some of the top job roles for LLB specialization in Media Law include media lawyer, entertainment law attorney, regulatory compliance officer, etc.
How to Choose the Right LLB Specialization?
Choosing the best specialization for LLB can be challenging for students. Listed below are some important points to consider while choosing the specialization for LLB courses.
- LLB Specialization Syllabus: Students are advised to review the syllabus of the LLB program offered by different institutions to understand the courses and subjects covered in each specialization.
- LLB Specialization Options: Students should be aware of the LLB specialization list offered by the colleges. Common specializations include Constitutional Law, Criminal Law, Corporate Law,IP Law, and International Law. Students must ensure that the specializations align with the students needs and interests and career aspirations.
- Industry Demand: Research the demand for legal professionals in different specializations within the legal industry. Analyze market trends, employment prospects, and growth opportunities.
- Placement Opportunities: Students must assess the availability of placement opportunities in different legal fields related to their specialization.
Admission Process for LLB Specializations
The LLB admission process is based on entrance exams conducted at the national, state, and institute level. Some of the most common entrance exams for LLB are CLAT, AILET, LSAT, etc. The admission process for LLB specialization generally involves the following steps:
- Eligibility Criteria: Students must ensure that they meet the eligibility criteria for admission into LLB courses.
- Entrance Exam: Students are required to appear for the entrance exam as required for the necessary colleges.
- Application Submission: Students must fill out and submit the application form of their desired colleges.
- Counselling or Interview: After the merit list is published, shortlisted candidates will be called for additional rounds of counselling such as Group Discussions or Personal Interview.
- Documents Verification and Fee Payment: Selected candidates will have to submit their documents for verification and pay the admission fee.
Top Colleges Offering LLB Specializations
In India there are more than 2,000 colleges offering LLB programs with specialization. Most of the colleges offer LLB with specialization in popular areas such as Criminal Law, Constitutional Law, IP Law, etc. The top law colleges in India offering the best LLB specializations are provided below.
Top Colleges For LLB in Constitutional Law
LLB specialization in Constitutional Law is offered by some of the top colleges such as Symbiosis Law School, GNLU, etc. Listed below are the top 5 colleges in India offering LLB specialization in Constitutional Law.
| Name of the College | LLB Fees Per Year |
| Symbiosis Law School, Pune | INR 3,00,000 |
| GNLU | INR 1,20,000 |
| Alliance University | INR 2,75,000 |
| NUSRL | INR 50,000 |
| NLU Assam (NLUJAA) | INR 80,000 |
Top Colleges For LLB in Criminal Law
The LLB specialization in Criminal Law fee ranges from INR 2,000 - 2,40,000 per year in India. Listed below are the top 5 colleges for LLB specialization in Criminal Law.
| Name of the College | LLB Fees Per Year |
| NALSAR University of Law, Hyderabad | INR 2,15,000 |
| NLU Kolkata | INR 2,00,000 |
| Hazra Law College | INR 2,000 |
| LPU | INR 2,40,000 |
| Christ University | INR 2,40,000 |
Top Colleges For LLB in Business Law
Some of the top institutions such as Chanakya Law University, Manipal University, Nirma University, etc offer LLB specialization in Business Law within the fee range of INR 42,000 - 1,37,000 per year. Listed below are the top colleges offering LLB specialization in Business Law along with their fee structure.
| Name of the College | LLB Fees Per Year |
| Tamil Nadu Dr.Ambedkar Law University | INR 42,000 |
| Chanakya Law University | INR 1,04,500 |
| Nirma University | INR 3,25,000 |
| Manipal University Jaipur | INR 98,000 |
| Mody University | INR 1,37,000 |
Top Colleges For LLB in Intellectual Property Law
IIT Kharagpur, NLSIU, NLU, are the top leading law schools in India offering specialization in Intellectual Property Law. Listed below are the top colleges in India offering LLB in Intellectual Property Law along with their fee structure.
| Name of the College | LLB Fees Per Year |
| IIT Kharagpur | INR 1,00,000 |
| UPES | INR 2,18,000 |
| NLSIU Bangalore | INR 2,44,000 |
| NLU Bhopal | INR 1,46,000 |
| O.P. Jindal Global School | INR 6,25,000 |
Top Colleges for LLB in International Law
Some of the popular institutions such as ILS, KR Mangalam University, etc offer LLB specialization in International Law with fees ranging from INR 44,000 - 2,00,000 per year. Listed below are the top colleges offering LLB in International Law along with their fees structure.
| Name of the College | LLB Fees Per Year |
| KR Mangalam University | INR 1,70,000 |
| Mahindra University | INR 3,50,000 |
| St. Xaviers College | INR 1,31,000 |
| ILS Law College | INR 44,000 |
| M S Ramaiah College of Law | INR 2,00,000 |
Jobs and Salary Based on Top LLB Specialisations
The LLB jobs and salary in India vary based on the specializations, experience, location, company type, etc. Some of the top jobs that can be pursued by graduates with specialization in the various domains of LLB include Corporate Lawyer, Business Policy Analyst, Litigation Lawyer, Human Rights Advocate, etc. The entry-level average salary in such job roles can start from INR 2 LPA and increase with experience reaching up to INR 8 LPA and more.
Listed below is the LLB job and salary based on various specializations.
Highest Paying LLB Specialization in India
The highest paying LLB specializations in India are Business Law, International Trade Law, Intellectual Property Law, Constitutional Law, International Law, and Crime and Criminology. Listed below are the LLB specialization list and their average salary details.
| BTech Specializations | Job Offered | Average Annual Salary |
| LLB Specialization in Business Law | Corporate Lawyer, Compliance Officer, Legal Advisor | INR 7 LPA |
| LLB Specialization in International Trade Law | International Trade Lawyer, Trade Policy Analyst, Customs Consultant | INR 6.5 LPA |
| LLB Specialization in Intellectual Property Law | IP Attorney, Patent Lawyer, Trademark Counsel, IP Litigator | INR 6 LPA |
| LLB Specialization in Constitutional Law | Constitutional Lawyer, Legal Government Agency Advisor | INR 5.7 LPA |
| LLB Specialization in International Law | International Legal Consultant, Human Rights Advocate, Diplomatic Lawyer | INR 5 LPA |
| LLB Specialization in Crime and Criminology | Criminal Defense Lawyer, Prosecutor, Legal Advisor for Law Enforcement, Forensic Analyst | INR 4.5 LPA |
Top Recruiters for LLB Specialization
Law graduates are hired mostly in government high courts, district courts, and other courts. LLB graduates are also hired by public and private sector companies such as Reliance, Kochhar & Co, TVS Motors, etc. Listed below are the top recruiters of LLB graduates based on their specialization.
| Specialization | Hiring Companies |
| LLB Specialization in Business Law | Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas, TCS, Khaitan & Co |
| LLB Specialization in International Trade Law | Kochhar & Co, DSK Legal |
| LLB Specialization in Intellectual Property Law | TVS Motor, CG Foods |
| LLB Specialization in Constitutional Law | Government District and High Courts |
| LLB Specialization in International Law | WWF, UN-India, Tata |
| LLB Specialization in Crime and Criminology | Government High Courts, Jain & Associates |
Top LLB [Bachelor of Law] Colleges
LLB Fee Structure
FAQs on LLB Specializations
Q: Which is the best specialization in LLB?
A: The best specialization in LLB varies based on the students interest, career goals, and market demands. However, some of the popular specializations include Criminology, International Trade Law, and Intellectual Property Law.
Q: Which LLB branch has the best career prospects?
A: LLB specialization in Business Law, Intellectual Property Law, and International Trade Law tend to have better career prospects due to their relevance in various fields and industries.
Q: What are the key skills needed for a specialization in Intellectual Property Law?
A: Some of the key skills necessary for students with specialization in Intellectual Property Law include strong understanding of intellectual property rights regulations, research skills, drafting abilities, attention to detail, and analytical skills.
Q: What are the emerging areas within LLB specializations?
A: Emerging areas of specialization include fields like cyber law, criminal law, environmental law, tax law, labour law, etc.
Q: Which branch of LLB has the highest salary?
A: LLB specialization in Business Law, International Trade Law, and Intellectual Property Law have higher salary prospects due to their demand in corporate sectors and multinational companies.
Q: Which LLB specialization is considered relatively easier?
A: The level of difficulty is determined solely by the candidate's aptitude in legal studies. However, some specializations such as Crime and Criminology Law may be considered comparatively easy due to its straightforward concepts.
Q: Can I change my LLB specialization after admission?
A: Students should be extremely cautious before choosing a field of specialization as not all colleges allow a change in specialization after admission. Some colleges may permit students to change their specialization provided that candidates meet the eligibility criteria.
Q: Are there scholarships available for LLB specializations?
A: Yes, scholarships are provided by the private and government organizations for students who need monetary aid and benefits to complete their studies. Some of the popular scholarships include KVPY, Oasis, Nirankari Rajmata Scholarship, etc.
Q: Which LLB branch is best for a career in artificial intelligence?
A: LLB specialization in Intellectual Property Law is suitable for a career in Artificial Intelligence as it involves legal aspects related to patents, copyrights, and data protection.
