Engineering Mathematics

Linear Algebra

Matrices and determinants, Systems of linear Equations, Eigenvalues  and Eigenvectors

Calculus

Limits, Continuity and differentiability, Partial derivatives, maxima and minima, Sequences and series, Test for convergence, Fourier series

Differential equations

Linear and non-linear first-order ODEs, higher-order ODEs with constant coefficients, Cauchy’s and Euler's equations, Laplace transforms, PDE Laplace, heat and wave equations

Probability and statistics

Mean, median, mode and standard deviation, random variables, normal, Poisson and binomial distributions, correlation and regression analysis.

Numerical methods

Solution of linear and non-linear algebraic equations, integration of trapezoidal and Simpson's rule, single and multistep methods for differential equations

General Biotechnology

Biochemistry

Biomolecules - structures and functions, biological membranes-structure, membrane channels and pumps, molecular motors, action potential and transport processes, basic concepts and regulation of the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids and nucleic acids, photosynthesis, respiration, and electron transport chain.Enzymes- classification, catalytic and regulatory strategies, enzyme kinetics- Michaelis-Menten equation, enzyme inhibition - competitive, non-competitive and uncompetitive inhibition. 

Microbiology

Bacterial classification and diversity, microbial ecology- microbes in marine, freshwater and terrestrial systems, microbial interactions- viruses, structure and classification, methods in microbiology, microbial growth and nutrition, nitrogen fixation, microbial diseases and host-pathogen interactions, antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance.

Cell Biology

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic structure, cell cycle and cell growth control, cell-cell communication, cell signalling and signal transduction

Molecular Biology and Genetics 

Molecular structure of genes and chromosomes, mutations and mutagenesis, nucleic acid replication, transcription, translation, Mendelian inheritance, gene interaction, complementation, linkage.

Immunology

Innate and adaptive immunity, humoral and cell-mediated immunity, antibody structure and function, the molecular basis of antibody diversity, T cell and B cell development, antigen-antibody reaction, complement, primary and secondary lymphoid organs, major histocompatibility complex, antigen processing and presentation, polyclonal and monoclonal antibody, regulation of immune response, immune tolerance, hypersensitivity, autoimmunity, graft versus host reaction, immunization and vaccines.

Bioinformatics

Bioinformatic resources and search tools, sequence and structure databases, sequence analysis, molecular dynamics and simulations

Recombinant DNA Technology

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Restriction and modification enzymes, vectors, plasmid, cosmids, yeast artificial chromosome, mammalian and plant expression vectors, Gene isolation, cloning and expression, transposons and gene targeting DNA fingerprinting

Plant and Animal Biotechnology

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Totipotency, regeneration of plants, tissue culture and cell suspension culture systems, the kinetics of growth and nutrient optimization, animal cell culture, animal cell and tissue preservation, the kinetics of cell growth

Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

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Principles of reactor design, ideal and non-ideal multiphase bioreactors, mass and heat transfer, aeration and agitation, the kinetics of microbial growth, various types of microbial and enzyme reactors, process scale-up, economics and feasibility analysis.

Fundamentals of Biological Engineering

Engineering principles applied to biological systems

Material and energy balances for reactive and non-reactive systems, recycle, bypass and purge processes, the stoichiometry of growth and product formation, degree of reduction, electron balance, theoretical oxygen demand

Classical thermodynamics and bioenergetics

Laws of thermodynamics, solution thermodynamics, phase equilibria, reaction equilibria, ligand binding, membrane potential, the energetics of metabolic pathways, oxidation and reduction reactions.

Transport processes

Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, fluid flow- laminar and turbulent, mixing in bioreactors, mixing time, molecular diffusion and film theory, oxygen transfer and uptake in bioreactor, conductive and convective heat transfer, overall heat transfer coefficient

GATE Biotechnology Syllabus 2025

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Engineering Mathematics 

11 to 15

Bioprocess Engineering

11 to 15

Biotechnology

21 to 25

Aptitude

11

Biotechnology GATE

B.M Agarwal, Akanksha Singhal, Vidhika Goel 

Biotechnology for CSIR - NET, SET, GATE, JNU, JAM, AIIMS 

Vinita Thakur

Fundamentals of Biochemistry

Lehninger

Life Science part 1 and part 2

Pathfinder Publications

Bioprocess Engineering

Schuler and Kargi

Immunology

Barbara Anne Osborne and Janis Kuby

Principles of Bioprocess Engineering

P. Doran

GATE General Aptitude and Mathematics

GK Publishers

Molecular Cell Biology

Iodish and Baltimore

Prescott’s Microbiology

Christopher J. Woolverton, Joanne Willey and Linda Sherwood

Principles of Genetics

D. Peter Snustad, Michael J Simmons and Robert H Tamarin

Enzymes: Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Clinical chemistry

P L Bonner and Trevor Palmer

Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual

David W Rusell and Joseph Sambrook

Prinzipien Der Biochemie

Albert L Lehninger, David L Nelson and Michael M Cox

Principles of Gene Manipulation and Genomics

Richard M Twyman and S.B Primrose

A textbook of Botany

Kashinath Bhattacharya

Roitt’s Essential Immunology 

Ivan Roitt

Molecular Biotechnology: Principles and Applications Of Recombinant DNA

Bernard R Glick and Jack J Pasternak

Intermediate Mathematics

B.V Sastry and K Venkateswarlu

Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis

SS Sastry