GATE Syllabus 2025 (Out): Download PDF, Check Topic-Wise Weightage

Counting (permutation and combinations)

Probability axioms

Sample space, events, independent events, mutually exclusive events, marginal, conditional, and joint probability

Bayes Theorem, conditional expectation and variance, mean, median, mode, and standard deviation

Correlation, covariance and random variables

Discrete random variables and probability mass functions

Uniform, Bernoulli, binomial distribution

Continuous random variables

Probability distribution function

Uniform, exponential, Poisson, normal, standard normal

T-distribution, chi-squared distributions

Cumulative distribution function

Conditional PDF

Central limit theorem

Vector space, subspaces, linear dependence, and independence of vectors.

Matrices, projection matrix, orthogonal matrix, idempotent matrix, partition matrix, and their properties

Quadratic forms

Systems of linear equations and solutions

Gaussian elimination

Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors

Determinant, rank, nullity, projections, LU decomposition, singular value decomposition.

Functions of a single variable

Limit

Continuity and differentiability

Taylor series

Maxima and minima

Optimization involving a single variable.

Programming in Python

Basic data structures: stacks, queues, linked lists, trees, hash tables

Search algorithms: linear search and binary search

Basic sorting algorithms: selection sort, bubble sort, and insertion sort

Divide and conquer: mergesort, quicksort; introduction to graph theory

Basic graph algorithms: traversals and shortest path.

ER-model

Relational model: relational algebra, tuple calculus, SQL, integrity constraints, normal form, file organization, indexing

Data types, data transformation such as normalization, discretization, sampling, compression

Data warehouse modeling: schema for multidimensional data models, concept hierarchies, measures: categorization and computations.

Supervised Learning: regression and classification problems

Simple linear regression, multiple linear regression, ridge regression, logistic regression

K-nearest neighbor

Naive Bayes classifier

Linear discriminant analysis

Support vector machine

Decision trees

Bias-variance trade-off

Cross-validation methods such as leave-one-out (LOO) cross-validation

K-folds cross-validation, multi-layer perceptron, feed-forward neural network

Unsupervised Learning: clustering algorithms, k-means/k-medoid, hierarchical clustering

top-down, bottom-up: single-linkage, multiple- linkage, dimensionality reduction, principal component analysis.

Search: informed, uninformed

Adversarial; logic, propositional, predicate

Reasoning under uncertainty topics – conditional independence representation

Exact inference through variable elimination

Approximate inference through sampling.

General Aptitude (GA)

Candidate Selected Subject

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Multiple Select Questions (MSQs)

Numerical Answer Type (NAT) Questions

Application

Analysis

Comprehension

Recall

Synthesis

Engineering Mathematics - 13 Marks

Subject Questions - 72 Marks

General Aptitude - 15 Marks

Questions from Subject Concerned - 85 Marks

General Aptitude - 15 Marks

Theory of Computation

An Introduction to Formal Languages and Automata by Peter Linz

Computer Organization & Architecture

Computer Architecture – A Quantitative Approach by Hennessy and Patterson

Computer Organization and Embedded systems by Carl Hamacher

Programming & Data Structures

Classic Data Structures by Debasis Samanta

The C Programming language by Dennis Richie

Engineering Mathematics

Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Erwin Kreyszig

Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications by Kenneth Rosen

Algorithms

Introduction to Algorithms by Cormen

Data Structures & Algorithms by R.S. Salaria

Compiler Design

Compiler Design in C by Allen I Holub

Compilers: Principles, Techniques and Tools by Aho & Ullman

Operating System

Operating Systems by Stallings

Operating System Concepts by Galvin

Databases

Database System Concepts by Henry. F. Korth

Normalisation and indexing by Shamkant B. Navathe

Digital Logic

Digital Electronics by S. Salivahanan & S. Arivazhagan

Digital Design by Morris Mano

Computer Networks

Computer Networks by Peterson & Davie

Data Communications and Networking by Kurose & Ross and Behrouz A. Forouzan

General Aptitude

Quantitative Aptitude by CAT by Arun Sharma,

Quantitative Aptitude by R.S Agarwal

Control System

Control Systems by Nagarath and Gopal

Control Systems Engineering by Norma Nise

Network

Network Theory by Alexander Sadiku

Network Analysis by Van Valkenburg

Circuit Theory by A.Chakraborty

Electronic Devices

Electronic Devices and Circuits by Millman & Halkias,

Semiconductor Physics And Devices by Donald A. Neamen,

Solid state electronic devices by Ben G. Streetman and Sanjay Banerjee

Signal Systems

Digital Signal Processing by S.K Mitra,

Modern digital and analog Communications system by BP Lathi,

Signals & Systems By Alan V. Oppenheim

Digital System

Digital Logic and Computer Design by M.Morris Mano,

Digital circuits and design by Salivahanan

Fundamentals of digital systems by Anandkumar,

Digital Electronic Principles and applications by Ronald J. Toccii, Pearson Publications

Electromagnetics

Elements of Electromagnetics by Matthew N.O. Sadiku

Network lines and fields by J.D ryder (Transmission lines part)

Electromagnetic waves and Radiating Systems by Jordon and ballmain

Antenna Theory by Balanis

Engineering Mechanics

Engineering Mechanics by Bhavikatti

Engineering Mechanics by R K Rajput

Engineering Mechanics by Beer and Johnston

Fluid Mechanics

Fluid Mechanics by R K Bansal

Fluid & Hydraulics - Modi and Seth

Heat Transfer

Heat Transfer by Cengel and Holman

Heat and Mass Transfer by J P Hollman and R C Sachdeva

Strength of Materials

Strength of Materials by Gere and Timoshenko, B C Unamia, Sadhu Singh, Ramamrutham

Industrial Engineering

Industrial Engineering by O P Khanna, Buffa and Sarin

Manufacturing Engineering

Production Technology: Manufacturing Processes, Technology and Automation by R.K. Jain

Design of Machine Elements

Machine design - V.B. Bhandari

Theory of Machines

Theory of Machines by Ratan

Thermal Science

Engineering Thermodynamics by P.K. Nag

Thermodynamics

Engineering Thermodynamics by P K Nag and Rajput

Thermodynamics by Cengel.

Vibrations

Mechanical Vibration by Grover

Networks

Engineering Circuit Analysis by Hayt & Kemmerly

Signal and systems

Signals and Systems by Oppenheim & Wilsky

Signals and Systems by Nagoor Kani

Electrical Machine

Electrical Machinery by P.S.Bimbhra

Control system

Control Systems Engineering by Nagrath & Gopal

Measurement

Electrical and Electronic Measurement & Instrumentation by AK Sawhney

Circuit analysis

Transient Analysis Of Electric Power Circuits by Arieh L Shenkmann and also Chakrabarthi

Analog

Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory by Boylestad

Digital Circuits

Digital Design by M.Morris Mano

Engineering Mathematics

Advanced Engineering Mathematics by E.Kreyszig

Electro Magnetics

Elements of Electromagnetics by Mathew N. O. Sadiku

Engineering Electromagnetics by William .H.Hayt

Power Electronics

For Beginners - Power Electronics by MH Rashid

Power Electronics by P.S.Bimbhra

Power system

Power Systems Engineering by Nagrath & Kothari

Power Systems by JB Gupta & CL Wadhw

Theory of Structure

CK Wang, S. Ramamrutham, L.S. Negi & Jangit

Theory of Elasticity

Timoshenko & Gere

Theory of Structure

Wilbur & Norris

Strength of Materials/Mechanics of Structure

Gare & Timoshenko,

E. Popove, L. Singer,

B.C. Punamia, Rammamrutham

Soil Mechanics

Gopal Ranjan & Rao, Venkat Ramaiha, S. K. Garg,

B.C. Punamia, V N S Murthy

Steel Design

Kazimi Zindal to improve concepts; for numerals L.S. Negi and for other topics – S.K. Duggal

Reinforced Concrete Structures Design (RCC)

Krishna Raju, PC Varghese, Pillai & Menon

Railway Engineering

Subhash And Satyapal

Pre-stressed Concrete

Krishna Raju

Reinforced Concrete

Ashok K Jain

Water Resources

S K Garg

Transportation

Justo Khanna

Geo-tech Engineering

Gopal Ranjan and Rao, R.F. Craig

Environmental Engg

SK Garg (1&2), Peavy-Rowe

Highway Engineering

Khanna

CPM-PERT/ Construction Tech

BC Punmia, Peurifoy

Fluid Mechanics & Machines

RK Bansal, Modi & Seth

Pavement & Traffic

Khanna & Justo, Kadiyali

Railway & Airport

Saxena & Arora

Surveying

KR Arora; BC Punmia

Build materials

ML Gambhir; BC Punmia; MS Shetty

Irrigation

SK Garg

Mathematics

Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Erwin Kreyszig

Network Theory

Engineering Circuit Analysis by Steven M. Durbin, Jack E. Kemmerly , William H. Hayt

Transducers

Introduction to Measurements and Instrumentation by Arun K Ghosh

Signals and Systems

Signals And Systems (Schaum’s Outline Series) by H P HSU Signals & Systems by Alan V. Oppenheim

Communication Systems

Modern Digital and Analog Communication System by B P Lathi

Electrical and Electronic Measurements

A Course In Electrical And Electronic Measurements And Instrumentation by A K Sawhney

Analog Electronics

Fundamentals of Microelectronics by Behzad Razavi

GATE - Electronics & Communication by R K Kanodia

Control System

Automatic Control Systems by B C Kuo