HBSE Class 12th Political Science Syllabus: Chapter-Wise Topics

Nation Building Its Challenges

Challenges for the new nation state, Partition: displacement and rehabilitation, Integration of princely states, Reorganisation of States, 

Era of One-Party Dominance

Challenge of building democracy, Congress dominance in the first three general elections, different partities, emergence of opposition parties.

Politics of Planned development

Political contestation, Ideas of development, Planning, The early initiatives, The first five year plan, Rapid Industrialization. 

India’s External Relations 

International Context, The policy of Non-alignment, Peace and conflict with China, Wars and Peace with Pakistan, India’s Nuclear Policy, 

Challenges to and restoration of the congress system

Challenge of Political Succession, Forth General Election (1967), Split in the congress, The 1971 election and restoration of congress. 

The Crisis of Constitutional Order

Background to Emergency, Declaration of Emergency, Politics after Emergency, 

Regional Aspirations

Region and the nation, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, The north-East, Accommodation and National Integration.

Indian Politics: Recent Changes

Context of the 1990s, Era of Coalitions, Political Rise of Other Backward Classes, Communalism, Secularism and Democracy, Emergence of a new Consensus, 

Collapse of Bipolarity

What was the Soviet System?, Gorbachev and the disintegration, Why did the Soviet Union disintegrate, Consequences of Disintegration, Shock therapy in Post-communist Regimes, Consequences of Shock therapy, Tensions and conflicts, India and post-communist countries, 

Alternative center of Power

European Union, ASEAN, The rise of Chinese economy, India- China Relations.

Contemporary South Asia

What is South Asia, The military and democracy in Pakistan, Democracy in Bangladesh, Monarchy and democracy in Nepal, Ethnic conflict and democracy in Bangladesh, India-Pakistan Conflicts, India and its other neighbors, Peace and cooperation, 

International Organisation

Why International Organisations?, Evolution of the UN, Reform of the UN after the Cold War, Reform of structures and processes, Jurisdiction of the UN, India and the UN Reforms, The UN in a Unipolar World, 

Security in Contemporary World

What is Security?, Traditional Notions: External and Internal, Traditional Security and cooperation, Non-Traditional Notions, New Sources of Threats, Cooperative Security, India’s Security Strategy

Environment and Natural Resources

Environmental concerns in Global Politics, The protection of global commons, common but differentiated responsibilities, common property resources, India’s stand on environmental issues, Environmental Movements: One or many?, Resource Geopolitics, The indigenous people and their rights. 

Globalization

The concept of globalization, causes of globalization, political consequences, economic consequences, cultural consequences, India and Globalization, Resistance to globalization, India and resistance to globalization

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                                        Politics in India Since Independence 

Nation Building Its Challenges

Challenges for the new nation state, Partition: displacement and rehabilitation, Integration of princely states, Reorganisation of States, 

06

Era of One-Party Dominance

Challenge of building democracy, Congress dominance in the first three general elections, different partities, emergence of opposition parties.

03

Politics of Planned development

Political contestation, Ideas of development, Planning, The early initiatives, The first five year plan, Rapid Industrialization. 

04

India’s External Relations 

International Context, The policy of Non-alignment, Peace and conflict with China, Wars and Peace with Pakistan, India’s Nuclear Policy, 

07

Challenges to and restoration of the congress system

Challenge of Political Succession, Forth General Election (1967), Split in the congress, The 1971 election and restoration of congress. 

04

The Crisis of Constitutional Order

Background to Emergency, Declaration of Emergency, Politics after Emergency, 

05

Regional Aspirations

Region and the nation, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, The north-East, Accommodation and National Integration.

06

Indian Politics: Recent Changes

Context of the 1990s, Era of Coalitions, Political Rise of Other Backward Classes, Communalism, Secularism and Democracy, Emergence of a new Consensus, 

05

                                                Contemporary World Politics 

Collapse of Bipolarity

What was the Soviet System?, Gorbachev and the disintegration, Why did the Soviet Union disintegrate, Consequences of Disintegration, Shock therapy in Post-communist Regimes, Consequences of Shock therapy, Tensions and conflicts, India and post-communist countries, 

05

Alternative center of Power

European Union, ASEAN, The rise of Chinese economy, India- China Relations.

05

Contemporary South Asia

What is South Asia, The military and democracy in Pakistan, Democracy in Bangladesh, Monarchy and democracy in Nepal, Ethnic conflict and democracy in Bangladesh, India-Pakistan Conflicts, India and its other neighbors, Peace and cooperation, 

05

International Organisation

Why International Organisations?, Evolution of the UN, Reform of the UN after the Cold War, Reform of structures and processes, Jurisdiction of the UN, India and the UN Reforms, The UN in a Unipolar World, 

07

Security in Contemporary World

What is Security?, Traditional Notions: External and Internal, Traditional Security and cooperation, Non-Traditional Notions, New Sources of Threats, Cooperative Security, India’s Security Strategy

04

Environment and Natural Resources

Environmental concerns in Global Politics, The protection of global commons, common but differentiated responsibilities, common property resources, India’s stand on environmental issues, Environmental Movements: One or many?, Resource Geopolitics, The indigenous people and their rights. 

06

Globalization

The concept of globalization, causes of globalization, political consequences, economic consequences, cultural consequences, India and Globalization, Resistance to globalization, India and resistance to globalization

08